Overview

The MZKT-79221 (commonly referenced as MZKT-7922) is a heavy 16×16 wheeled chassis manufactured by Minsk Wheel Tractor Plant (MZKT) specifically for transporting Russian strategic missile systems. This vehicle serves as the mobile platform for the RS-24 Yars intercontinental ballistic missile and represents one of the largest wheeled military vehicles in regular operational service.

Specification Summary

Commonly cited specifications include:

  • Configuration: 16×16 all-wheel drive
  • Engine: V12 diesel, approximately 800+ hp
  • Gross vehicle weight: approximately 120,000 kg with payload
  • Payload capacity: approximately 80,000 kg
  • Length: approximately 24,000 mm
  • Width: approximately 3,600 mm
  • Axles: 8 axles, all driven and steered
  • Maximum speed: approximately 45 km/h on road
  • Operating range: approximately 500 km

Design Context

The MZKT-79221 was developed in the 2000s as part of Russia's modernization of its strategic nuclear forces. The vehicle needed to provide mobile basing for modern heavy ICBMs while maintaining cross-country mobility and survivability. The 16×16 configuration distributes the extreme weight across multiple axles while maintaining ground pressure low enough for off-road operation.

Technical Features

All-wheel steering: Multiple axles provide steered capability, allowing tight turning radius despite extreme length.

Central tire inflation system: Automatic adjustment of tire pressure for different terrain conditions and load distribution.

Independent suspension: All 16 wheels have independent suspension for obstacle crossing and crew comfort during transit.

Autonomous operation: Auxiliary power units support missile system operation without running main engine.

NBC protection: Sealed pressurized cab with filtration systems for crew protection.

Navigation systems: Inertial and satellite navigation for precision positioning.

Operational System

The MZKT-79221 operates as part of a mobile missile complex that includes:

  • TEL (transporter-erector-launcher) with missile
  • Command and control vehicle
  • Support and maintenance vehicles
  • Security escort vehicles

The system is designed for rapid relocation, with the ability to prepare for launch from concealment locations across a wide operating area.

Deployment Timeline

  • Early 2000s: Development begins for new heavy strategic chassis
  • 2006-2009: Testing and evaluation with RS-24 Yars system
  • 2010: Initial operational deployment
  • 2010s: Progressive deployment as primary TEL for Yars ICBM
  • Present: Continues as active platform for Russian strategic forces

Performance Characteristics

The vehicle's design prioritizes weight distribution and mobility over soft ground. With regulated tire pressure, ground pressure can be reduced sufficiently to operate on unprepared roads and moderate cross-country terrain. The steering system allows the vehicle to negotiate forest roads and dispersed basing locations despite its size.

Operating range is sufficient for relocation within assigned patrol areas. The vehicle can operate in temperatures from -50°C to +50°C, critical for deployment across Russia's diverse climate zones.

Strategic Context

Mobile ICBMs like those carried by the MZKT-79221 form a key component of strategic deterrence by providing survivability through mobility and concealment. The vehicles operate from hardened bases but can disperse to field locations, making targeting by adversaries extremely difficult.

Related Equipment

This reference page documents historical military equipment for educational and research purposes. Information is derived from commonly available technical literature and open sources. No classified or sensitive information is included.